Scotty, your drugs here cost $5 per month, and generic costs even less. If you are using Insulin then it will be a little more, but under $50 per month. Same for HIV drugs, which are cheap, and if you go to a state hospital free. Last time I went for stitches (4) I had a co pay of $20, as it was after hours on a Saturday, but my doctor was there, and asked for the reason for my stupidity. If after hours now I would pay the $200 charge for the ER, or could go to a state hospital and hope they are not too busy so I do not spend the day there.

I never see a bill.

: Misanthropic Scott  12:39:49 PM

Strangely, from that heat page, it seems to be OK to refer to a body as hot or cold, in and of itself. It just isn't OK to speak of heat without the concept of it being transferred from a warmer body to a cooler one. Odd.

Why? That is perfectly logical to me! Heat is a relative measure of the energy of molecular vibration level. A body at a given heat level ...

In physics and chemistry, heat is energy transferred from one body to another by thermal interactions. The transfer of energy can occur in a variety of ways, among them conduction, radiation, and convection. Heat is not a property of a system or body, but instead is always associated with a process of some kind, and is synonymous with heat flow and heat transfer.

A body at a given heat temperature level placed in the vicinity of another body [sometimes in another phase], will change vibration level downward if that second body is of lower vibration level,[heat transfer]
 eg. a Red hot steel bar inserted into icy cold water. The heat transfer causes a phase change in the water, in fact 2 phases, if the steel bar is big enough.
Molten slag poured out onto water at room temp. will cause the water to transform to steam, then disassociate into H2 and O2 but very quickly as it leaves the immediate vicinity will recombine into H2O. This entails another energy release that gets you instant attention, a double loud bang, ie. explosion then implosion! It knocks all the dust off the structural steel of the melt shop building and sends any pigeons into pure panic/flight, never mind the employees sudden wake up to their personal safety!

Cold = no work getting done.

Do people turn up the thermostat when entering your cubicle?

......I kid.  I left it out of my scribbling, but seems more relevant now that "in the end" much of this Universe: Energy, Work all seem to be about Heat and that heat enthropically moving towards zero.  And Heat I take is (circularly) just a measure of movement.  I wonder how that plays out in chemical reactions?  What is the "energy state" of an electron but its amount of movement?  Taking on and giving off heat?  Or is heat NOT taken on or given off but rather photons are which affects the amount of movement and therefor the heat?  Heat not "a thing" but a measure?

In physics and chemistry, heat is energy transferred from one body to another by thermal interactions.[1][2] The transfer of energy can occur in a variety of ways, among them conduction,[3] radiation,[4] and convection. Heat is not a property of a system or body, but instead is always associated with a process of some kind, and is synonymous with heat flow and heat transfer.

I thought string theory predicted or is the basis for 17 dimensions....or something like that.  And what is "nothing" if "things" pop into and out of existence within that nothing?

In short, we don't know what energy is, but a total lack of energy is an extremely cold place!

I thought Obtuser identified the energy of the sun comes from the fusion of hydrogen into Helium?  Or maybe not that expressly but under the Big Bang theory wasn't Hydrogen the first and only "stuff" of the Universe?  Gravity drew Hydrogen together and formed suns where Helium was produced and so forth?

Seems to me Hyrdrogen is the basic energy source of the Universe.

I guess it depends on how you define a "source."  Or in your case, the expense of creating a source (sic) to be used at other times and places, or how polluting it is.

But, I dither.  What is energy anyway?

The question "what is energy?" is difficult to answer in a simple, intuitive way, although energy can be rigorously defined in theoretical physics.[citation needed] In the words of Richard Feynman, "It is important to realize that in physics today, we have no knowledge what energy is. We do not have a picture that energy comes in little blobs of a definite amount."

However, it is clear that energy is always an indispensable prerequisite for performing mechanical work, and the concept has great importance in natural science. The natural basic units in which energy is measured are those used for mechanical work; they always are equivalent to a unit of force multiplied by a unit of length. Other equivalent units for energy are mass units multiplied by velocity units squared.

A system possesses energy if it has the ability to do work.

EVERY TIME you burn hydrogen (sourced from photovoltaics) you avoid burning coal.  Thats the very reason it is being developed:  free energy from the sun through the creation and transport of hydrogen.  Details to be worked out.

This is the job of engineers and scientists, not kibitzers on fora !!!

Another problem is the classic use of words which varies from area to area in this wide continent. Did you mean condenser when using the term accumulator, or was it a storage reservoir, bottle/tank?

An accumulator is an apparatus by means of which energy can be stored, such as a rechargeable battery or a hydraulic accumulator. Such devices may be electrical, fluidic or mechanical and are sometimes used to convert a small continuous power source into a short surge of energy or vice versa. Other examples of accumulators include capacitors, compulsators, steam accumulator, wave energy machines and pumped-storage hydroelectric plants.

In general usage in an electrical context the word accumulator would normally mean a lead-acid battery.

The London tower bridge is operated via an accumulator. The original raising mechanism was powered by pressurised water stored in several hydraulic accumulators. In 1974, the original operating mechanism was largely replaced by a new electro-hydraulic drive system. Accumulators offer a simple, cheap and clean way of storing an unlimited amount of electricity created by renewable resources including hydro. Accumulators are used in the process of creating an Antiproton detector, they obtain positrons in a positron accumulator.